| 1 | /* |
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| 2 | * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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| 3 | * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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| 4 | * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
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| 5 | * (at your option) any later version. |
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| 6 | * |
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| 7 | * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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| 8 | * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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| 9 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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| 10 | * GNU General Public License for more details. |
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| 11 | * |
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| 12 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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| 13 | * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
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| 14 | * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. |
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| 15 | */ |
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| 16 | |
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| 17 | /* |
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| 18 | * JSONInstances.java |
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| 19 | * Copyright (C) 2009 University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand |
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| 20 | */ |
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| 21 | |
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| 22 | package weka.core.json; |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | import weka.core.Attribute; |
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| 25 | import weka.core.Instance; |
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| 26 | import weka.core.Instances; |
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| 27 | import weka.core.DenseInstance; |
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| 28 | import weka.core.SparseInstance; |
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| 29 | import weka.core.Utils; |
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| 30 | import weka.core.converters.ConverterUtils.DataSource; |
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| 31 | |
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| 32 | import java.util.ArrayList; |
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| 33 | |
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| 34 | /** |
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| 35 | * Class for transforming Instances objects into <a href="http://www.json.org/" target="_blank">JSON</a> |
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| 36 | * objects and vice versa. |
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| 37 | * |
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| 38 | * @author FracPete (fracpete at waikato dot ac dot nz) |
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| 39 | * @version $Revision: 5987 $ |
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| 40 | */ |
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| 41 | public class JSONInstances { |
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| 42 | |
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| 43 | /** the header section. */ |
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| 44 | public final static String HEADER = "header"; |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | /** the data section. */ |
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| 47 | public final static String DATA = "data"; |
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| 48 | |
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| 49 | /** the relation name. */ |
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| 50 | public final static String RELATION = "relation"; |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | /** the attributes object. */ |
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| 53 | public final static String ATTRIBUTES = "attributes"; |
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| 54 | |
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| 55 | /** the name attribute. */ |
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| 56 | public final static String NAME = "name"; |
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| 57 | |
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| 58 | /** the type attribute. */ |
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| 59 | public final static String TYPE = "type"; |
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| 60 | |
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| 61 | /** the class attribute indicator. */ |
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| 62 | public final static String CLASS = "class"; |
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| 63 | |
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| 64 | /** the labels attribute. */ |
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| 65 | public final static String LABELS = "labels"; |
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| 66 | |
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| 67 | /** the weight attribute. */ |
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| 68 | public final static String WEIGHT = "weight"; |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | /** the dateformat attribute. */ |
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| 71 | public final static String DATEFORMAT = "dateformat"; |
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| 72 | |
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| 73 | /** the sparse attribute. */ |
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| 74 | public final static String SPARSE = "sparse"; |
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| 75 | |
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| 76 | /** the values attribute. */ |
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| 77 | public final static String VALUES = "values"; |
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| 78 | |
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| 79 | /** the separator for index/value in case of sparse instances. */ |
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| 80 | public final static String SPARSE_SEPARATOR = ":"; |
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| 81 | |
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| 82 | /** |
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| 83 | * Turns the JSON object into an Attribute, if possible. |
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| 84 | * |
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| 85 | * @param att the JSON object to turn into an Attribute |
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| 86 | * @param classAtt for storing whether the attribute is the class attribute |
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| 87 | * @return the Attribute, null in case of an error |
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| 88 | */ |
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| 89 | protected static Attribute toAttribute(JSONNode att, boolean[] classAtt) { |
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| 90 | Attribute result; |
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| 91 | String name; |
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| 92 | String type; |
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| 93 | String dateformat; |
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| 94 | JSONNode labels; |
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| 95 | ArrayList<String> values; |
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| 96 | int i; |
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| 97 | double weight; |
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| 98 | |
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| 99 | name = (String) att.getChild(NAME).getValue("noname"); |
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| 100 | type = (String) att.getChild(TYPE).getValue(""); |
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| 101 | weight = (Double) att.getChild(WEIGHT).getValue(new Double(1.0)); |
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| 102 | if (type.equals(Attribute.typeToString(Attribute.NUMERIC))) { |
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| 103 | result = new Attribute(name); |
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| 104 | } |
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| 105 | else if (type.equals(Attribute.typeToString(Attribute.NOMINAL))) { |
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| 106 | labels = att.getChild(LABELS); |
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| 107 | values = new ArrayList<String>(); |
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| 108 | for (i = 0; i < labels.getChildCount(); i++) |
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| 109 | values.add((String)((JSONNode) labels.getChildAt(i)).getValue()); |
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| 110 | result = new Attribute(name, values); |
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| 111 | } |
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| 112 | else if (type.equals(Attribute.typeToString(Attribute.DATE))) { |
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| 113 | dateformat = (String) att.getChild(TYPE).getValue("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss"); |
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| 114 | result = new Attribute(name, dateformat); |
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| 115 | } |
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| 116 | else if (type.equals(Attribute.typeToString(Attribute.STRING))) { |
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| 117 | result = new Attribute(name, (ArrayList<String>) null); |
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| 118 | } |
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| 119 | else { |
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| 120 | System.err.println("Unhandled attribute type '" + type + "'!"); |
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| 121 | return null; |
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| 122 | } |
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| 123 | result.setWeight(weight); |
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| 124 | |
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| 125 | return result; |
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| 126 | } |
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| 127 | |
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| 128 | /** |
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| 129 | * Turns the JSON Object into an Instance, if possible. |
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| 130 | * |
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| 131 | * @param inst the JSON object to turn into an Instance |
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| 132 | * @param data the data so far (only used for header information) |
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| 133 | * @return the Instance, null in case of an error |
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| 134 | */ |
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| 135 | protected static Instance toInstance(JSONNode inst, Instances data) { |
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| 136 | Instance result; |
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| 137 | boolean sparse; |
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| 138 | double weight; |
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| 139 | JSONNode values; |
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| 140 | int i; |
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| 141 | int index; |
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| 142 | int pos; |
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| 143 | String value; |
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| 144 | double[] vals; |
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| 145 | |
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| 146 | sparse = (Boolean) inst.getChild(SPARSE).getValue(new Boolean(false)); |
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| 147 | weight = (Double) inst.getChild(WEIGHT).getValue(new Double(1.0)); |
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| 148 | values = inst.getChild(VALUES); |
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| 149 | vals = new double[data.numAttributes()]; |
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| 150 | for (i = 0; i < values.getChildCount(); i++) { |
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| 151 | if (sparse) { |
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| 152 | value = "" + ((JSONNode) values.getChildAt(i)).getValue(); |
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| 153 | pos = value.indexOf(SPARSE_SEPARATOR); |
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| 154 | index = Integer.parseInt(value.substring(0, pos)); |
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| 155 | value = value.substring(pos + 1); |
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| 156 | } |
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| 157 | else { |
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| 158 | index = i; |
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| 159 | value = "" + ((JSONNode) values.getChildAt(i)).getValue(); |
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| 160 | } |
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| 161 | |
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| 162 | try { |
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| 163 | if (data.attribute(index).isNumeric()) { |
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| 164 | vals[index] = Double.parseDouble(value); |
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| 165 | } |
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| 166 | else if (data.attribute(index).isNominal()) { |
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| 167 | vals[index] = data.attribute(index).indexOfValue(value); |
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| 168 | if ((vals[index] == -1) && value.startsWith("'") && value.endsWith("'")) |
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| 169 | vals[index] = data.attribute(index).indexOfValue(Utils.unquote(value)); |
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| 170 | if (vals[index] == -1) { |
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| 171 | System.err.println("Unknown label '" + value + "' for attribute #" + (index+1) + "!"); |
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| 172 | return null; |
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| 173 | } |
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| 174 | } |
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| 175 | else if (data.attribute(index).isDate()) { |
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| 176 | vals[index] = data.attribute(index).parseDate(value); |
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| 177 | } |
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| 178 | else if (data.attribute(index).isString()) { |
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| 179 | vals[index] = data.attribute(index).addStringValue(value); |
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| 180 | } |
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| 181 | else { |
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| 182 | System.err.println("Unhandled attribute type '" + Attribute.typeToString(data.attribute(index).type()) + "'!"); |
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| 183 | return null; |
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| 184 | } |
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| 185 | } |
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| 186 | catch (Exception e) { |
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| 187 | System.err.println("Error parsing value #" + (index+1) + ": " + e.toString()); |
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| 188 | return null; |
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| 189 | } |
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| 190 | } |
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| 191 | |
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| 192 | result = new DenseInstance(weight, vals); |
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| 193 | result.setDataset(data); |
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| 194 | |
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| 195 | return result; |
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| 196 | } |
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| 197 | |
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| 198 | /** |
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| 199 | * Turns a JSON object, if possible, into an Instances object. |
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| 200 | * |
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| 201 | * @param json the JSON object to convert |
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| 202 | * @param onlyHeader whether to retrieve only the header |
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| 203 | * @return the generated Instances object, null if not possible |
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| 204 | */ |
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| 205 | protected static Instances toInstances(JSONNode json, boolean onlyHeader) { |
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| 206 | Instances result; |
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| 207 | JSONNode header; |
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| 208 | JSONNode attributes; |
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| 209 | JSONNode data; |
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| 210 | ArrayList<Attribute> atts; |
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| 211 | Attribute att; |
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| 212 | Instance inst; |
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| 213 | int i; |
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| 214 | int classIndex; |
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| 215 | boolean[] classAtt; |
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| 216 | |
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| 217 | header = json.getChild(HEADER); |
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| 218 | if (header == null) { |
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| 219 | System.err.println("No '" + HEADER + "' section!"); |
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| 220 | return null; |
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| 221 | } |
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| 222 | data = json.getChild(DATA); |
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| 223 | if (data == null) { |
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| 224 | System.err.println("No '" + DATA + "' section!"); |
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| 225 | return null; |
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| 226 | } |
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| 227 | |
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| 228 | // attributes |
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| 229 | attributes = header.getChild(ATTRIBUTES); |
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| 230 | if (attributes == null) { |
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| 231 | System.err.println("No '" + ATTRIBUTES + "' array!"); |
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| 232 | return null; |
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| 233 | } |
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| 234 | atts = new ArrayList<Attribute>(); |
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| 235 | classAtt = new boolean[1]; |
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| 236 | classIndex = -1; |
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| 237 | for (i = 0; i < attributes.getChildCount(); i++) { |
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| 238 | att = toAttribute((JSONNode) attributes.getChildAt(i), classAtt); |
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| 239 | if (att == null) { |
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| 240 | System.err.println("Could not convert attribute #" + (i+1) + "!"); |
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| 241 | return null; |
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| 242 | } |
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| 243 | if (classAtt[0]) |
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| 244 | classIndex = i; |
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| 245 | atts.add(att); |
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| 246 | } |
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| 247 | result = new Instances( |
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| 248 | header.getChild(RELATION).getValue("unknown").toString(), |
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| 249 | atts, |
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| 250 | (onlyHeader ? 0 : data.getChildCount())); |
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| 251 | result.setClassIndex(classIndex); |
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| 252 | |
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| 253 | // data |
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| 254 | if (!onlyHeader) { |
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| 255 | for (i = 0; i < data.getChildCount(); i++) { |
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| 256 | inst = toInstance((JSONNode) data.getChildAt(i), result); |
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| 257 | if (inst == null) { |
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| 258 | System.err.println("Could not convert instance #" + (i+1) + "!"); |
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| 259 | return null; |
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| 260 | } |
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| 261 | result.add(inst); |
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| 262 | } |
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| 263 | } |
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| 264 | |
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| 265 | return result; |
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| 266 | } |
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| 267 | |
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| 268 | /** |
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| 269 | * Turns a JSON object, if possible, into an Instances object. |
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| 270 | * |
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| 271 | * @param json the JSON object to convert |
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| 272 | * @return the generated Instances object, null if not possible |
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| 273 | */ |
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| 274 | public static Instances toInstances(JSONNode json) { |
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| 275 | return toInstances(json, false); |
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| 276 | } |
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| 277 | |
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| 278 | /** |
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| 279 | * Turns a JSON object, if possible, into an Instances object (only header). |
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| 280 | * |
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| 281 | * @param json the JSON object to convert |
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| 282 | * @return the generated Instances header object, null if not possible |
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| 283 | */ |
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| 284 | public static Instances toHeader(JSONNode json) { |
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| 285 | return toInstances(json, true); |
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| 286 | } |
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| 287 | |
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| 288 | /** |
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| 289 | * Turns the Attribute into a JSON object. |
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| 290 | * |
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| 291 | * @param inst the corresponding dataset |
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| 292 | * @param att the attribute to convert |
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| 293 | * @return the JSON object |
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| 294 | */ |
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| 295 | protected static JSONNode toJSON(Instances inst, Attribute att) { |
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| 296 | JSONNode result; |
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| 297 | JSONNode labels; |
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| 298 | int i; |
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| 299 | |
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| 300 | result = new JSONNode(); |
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| 301 | |
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| 302 | result.addPrimitive(NAME, att.name()); |
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| 303 | result.addPrimitive(TYPE, Attribute.typeToString(att)); |
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| 304 | result.addPrimitive(CLASS, (att.index() == inst.classIndex())); |
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| 305 | result.addPrimitive(WEIGHT, att.weight()); |
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| 306 | if (att.isNominal()) { |
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| 307 | labels = result.addArray(LABELS); |
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| 308 | for (i = 0; i < att.numValues(); i++) |
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| 309 | labels.addArrayElement(att.value(i)); |
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| 310 | } |
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| 311 | if (att.isDate()) |
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| 312 | result.addPrimitive(DATEFORMAT, att.getDateFormat()); |
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| 313 | |
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| 314 | return result; |
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| 315 | } |
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| 316 | |
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| 317 | /** |
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| 318 | * Turns the Instance into a JSON object. |
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| 319 | * |
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| 320 | * @param inst the Instance to convert |
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| 321 | * @return the JSON object |
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| 322 | */ |
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| 323 | protected static JSONNode toJSON(Instance inst) { |
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| 324 | JSONNode result; |
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| 325 | JSONNode values; |
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| 326 | int i; |
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| 327 | boolean sparse; |
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| 328 | |
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| 329 | result = new JSONNode(); |
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| 330 | |
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| 331 | sparse = (inst instanceof SparseInstance); |
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| 332 | result.addPrimitive(SPARSE, sparse); |
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| 333 | result.addPrimitive(WEIGHT, inst.weight()); |
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| 334 | values = result.addArray(VALUES); |
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| 335 | if (sparse) { |
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| 336 | for (i = 0; i < inst.numValues(); i++) |
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| 337 | values.addArrayElement(inst.index(i) + SPARSE_SEPARATOR + inst.toString(inst.index(i))); |
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| 338 | } |
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| 339 | else { |
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| 340 | for (i = 0; i < inst.numAttributes(); i++) |
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| 341 | values.addArrayElement(inst.toString(i)); |
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| 342 | } |
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| 343 | |
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| 344 | return result; |
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| 345 | } |
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| 346 | |
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| 347 | /** |
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| 348 | * Turns the Instances object into a JSON object. |
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| 349 | * |
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| 350 | * @param inst the Instances to turn into a JSON object |
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| 351 | * @return the JSON object |
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| 352 | */ |
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| 353 | public static JSONNode toJSON(Instances inst) { |
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| 354 | JSONNode result; |
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| 355 | JSONNode header; |
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| 356 | JSONNode atts; |
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| 357 | JSONNode data; |
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| 358 | int i; |
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| 359 | |
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| 360 | result = new JSONNode(); |
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| 361 | |
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| 362 | // header |
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| 363 | header = result.addObject(HEADER); |
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| 364 | header.addPrimitive(RELATION, inst.relationName()); |
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| 365 | atts = header.addArray(ATTRIBUTES); |
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| 366 | for (i = 0; i < inst.numAttributes(); i++) |
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| 367 | atts.add(toJSON(inst, inst.attribute(i))); |
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| 368 | |
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| 369 | // data |
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| 370 | data = result.addArray(DATA); |
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| 371 | for (i = 0; i < inst.numInstances(); i++) |
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| 372 | data.add(toJSON(inst.instance(i))); |
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| 373 | |
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| 374 | return result; |
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| 375 | } |
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| 376 | |
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| 377 | /** |
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| 378 | * For testing only. |
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| 379 | * |
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| 380 | * @param args expects a dataset as first parameter |
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| 381 | * @throws Exception if something goes wrong |
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| 382 | */ |
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| 383 | public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { |
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| 384 | if (args.length != 1) { |
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| 385 | System.err.println("No dataset supplied!"); |
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| 386 | System.exit(1); |
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| 387 | } |
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| 388 | |
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| 389 | // load dataset |
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| 390 | Instances data = DataSource.read(args[0]); |
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| 391 | |
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| 392 | // turn Instances into JSON object and output it |
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| 393 | JSONNode json = toJSON(data); |
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| 394 | StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); |
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| 395 | json.toString(buffer); |
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| 396 | System.out.println(buffer.toString()); |
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| 397 | |
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| 398 | // turn JSON object back into Instances and output it |
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| 399 | Instances inst = toInstances(json); |
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| 400 | System.out.println(inst); |
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| 401 | } |
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| 402 | } |
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